The ideal way to describe minimal invasive dentistry is to treat caries using a biological strategy as opposed to a conventional (surgical) operational dentistry strategy. In cases when surgical dentistry is necessary, treatment is now done as conservatively as possible, causing the least amount of damage to the tooth's structure. This novel method of managing carious lesions shifts the focus from identifying the lesions as cavities (and a recurring cycle of restorations) to identifying the ecological imbalance in the mouth and bringing about biological changes in the biofilm. Minimally Invasive Dentistry (MI) aims to maximize the tooth's ability to recover by first halting the disease process and then restoring lost tooth structure and function. Dietary and lifestyle choices, particularly those involving the frequency of carbohydrates, water consumption, and smoking, have a significant impact on the pathogenicity and ecology of biofilms. Chairside tools for measuring plaque and saliva enable risk to be evaluated and patient compliance to be tracked. Materials that release physiologically accessible calcium, phosphate, and fluoride ions (CPP-ACP and CPP-ACFP) may improve saliva's remineralizing qualities. The use of biocides may also change the pathogenic qualities of plaque. By using these MI therapy methods, early lesions may be repaired, and patient comprehension and compliance may be increased. A few of the main ideas and useful applications of minimally invasive dentistry are covered in this review article.
