The prevalence of intra-osseous jaw lesions differs in various populations; it remains a major concern for dentists and oral surgeons. Jawbones can be afflicted by a varied group of lesions and can present in diverse clinical patterns, hence adequate knowledge of the clinical and demographic characteristics of these lesions is necessary for the early detection and management. Hence, this study was designed to analyze the prevalence of intra-osseous jaw lesions in the pediatric population. The histopathology reports of all oral jaw lesions from the pediatric population, aged 0–14 years, between 1991 to 2023 period were retrospectively analyzed from the archives of the Department of our Institute and the data were analyzed through descriptive statistics. Our investigation underscores a predominance of intraosseous jaw lesions among males (53%) compared to females (47%), with the most commonly affected age group falling within the range of 6 to 11 years. The posterior mandible emerged as the primary location of these lesions, followed closely by the posterior maxilla. The histopathological examination further elucidates the landscape of these lesions, with radicular cysts comprising the majority (36%), trailed by dentigerous cysts (23%), odontogenic tumors (20%), and various other entities such as reactive/inflammatory (9%), fibro-osseous (7%), and neoplastic lesions (4%). In light of these findings, dental practitioners and specialists must have a complete understanding of the clinical and demographic characteristics associated with intraosseous jaw lesions in pediatric patients. Early recognition and accurate diagnosis are paramount for effective management and optimal patient outcomes.
