Resin composites were first used as aesthetically pleasing materials for front dental restorations, and their use for posterior teeth followed swiftly. Composite restorations still have several shortcomings, even with the advancement of adhesive techniques and the development of composite resins. One of the main problems is polymerization shrinkage, which may cause debonding between the resin composite and tooth structure. This results in minor discoloration and secondary caries that might shorten the restoration's lifespan. Polymerization stress is also generated as a result of this phenomenon. Results indicated no significant differences in marginal microleakage among certain materials and application techniques. Bulk-fill composites demonstrated advantages in marginal adaptation, while the impact of different cavity configurations and storage times was noted. Some studies focused on specific types of cavities or utilized different storage conditions, making direct comparisons challenging. Future research should consider standardized protocols to enhance comparability. Moreover, investigating long-term performance, clinical outcomes, and patient satisfaction would provide a comprehensive understanding of restorative materials.
