TY - JOUR T1 - An Overview On The Effect Of Cigarettes Smoking On Gingivae A1 - Omar S. Alkhudhayri A1 - Ahmed J. Hejres A1 - Sakhaa G. Bin-Huraib A1 - Sadeem M. Abdullah A1 - Lujain S. Al-Adalah A1 - Alaa G. Bin-Huraib A1 - Abeer S. Alsaggabi A1 - Arwa A. Alhamed A1 - Aeshah H. Abduljabar A1 - Hassan A. Alshehri A1 - Hussain H. Alghafly A1 - Lama M. Alzain JF - Annals of Dental Specialty JO - Ann Dent Spec SN - 2347-2022 Y1 - 2020 VL - 8 IS - 4 SP - 66 EP - 68 N2 - Background: Diseases affecting the periodontal tissues (e.g. gingival tissue) contribute to a spectrum of multifaceted pathological entities that present with countless clinical features. Local and systemic factors contribute greatly to the risk of developing periodontal disease. Objectives: The importance of smoking in the development of the periodontal disease, specifically gingival disease. Methodology: We conducted the literature search within the PubMed database using the keywords: “periodontal disease” and “smoking” and “periodontitis” and “gingivitis” and “nicotine” with dates from 1990 to 2020. Review: Smoking has been shown to adversely affect all types of periodontal therapy. Additionally, almost all (90%) of cases with refractory periodontitis are from patients who smoke. Many studies have indicated a great reduction in probing depths and bleeding on probing in nonsmokers, compared to smokers. Conclusion: Dentists are the safety gate and need to be vigilant about the adverse effects of smoking on the health and need to identify potential patients and offer prompt management. UR - https://annalsofdentalspecialty.net.in/article/an-overview-on-the-effect-of-cigarettes-smoking-on-gingivae ER -